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 Libya

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    Country Name: Libya  

    Head of State: President - Ellen Johnson Sirleaf

    Area: 1,759, 540㎢

    Government type: operates under a transitional government, cabinet member:

    Capital: Tripoli

    National day: 1 September, (revolution 1969)

    Population: 6.5m. (July 2016)

    Population growth rate: 1.8% (2016)

    Population density: 3.1 p/㎢

    Language: Arabic (official), Italian, English (all widely understood in the major cities); Berber (Nafusi, Ghadamis, Suknah, Awjilah, Tamasheq)

    Religion: Sunni Muslim (official) 97%, other 3%

    Ethnic groups: Berber and Arab 97%, other 3% (includes Greeks, Maltese, Italians, Egyptians, Pakistanis, Turks, Indians, and Tunisians)

    GDP - real growth rate: -3.3% (2016)

    GDP per capita (ppp): US$14,200 (2016)

    Currency :LD=1,000dirhams  foreign exchange

    GDP composition by sector: agriculture: 1.9%, industry: 43.2%, services: 54.9% (2016 est.)

    Military expenditure/GDP: 3.9% (2005)

    Fiscal year: 1.1 - 12.31

    Life expectancy: total population: 76.5 years, male: 74.7 years, female: 78.3 years (2016 est.)

    Illiteracy: total population: 9%, male: 3.3%, female: 14.4% (2016 est.)

 

 

 

 

  

   

   

 

CIA World Factbook

WIKIPEDIA

BBC Profile

 

 The Italians supplanted the Ottoman Turks in the area around Tripoli in 1911 and did not relinquish their hold until 1943 when they were defeated in World War II. Libya then passed to UN administration and achieved independence in 1951. Following a 1969 military coup, Col. Muammar al-QADHAFI assumed leadership and began to espouse his political system at home, which was a combination of socialism and Islam. During the 1970s, QADHAFI used oil revenues to promote his ideology outside Libya, supporting subversive and terrorist activities that included the downing of two airliners - one over Scotland, another in Northern Africa - and a discotheque bombing in Berlin. UN sanctions in 1992 isolated QADHAFI politically and economically following the attacks; sanctions were lifted in

After months of seesaw fighting between government and opposition forces, the QADHAFI regime was toppled in mid-2011 and replaced by a transitional government known as the National Transitional Council (NTC). In 2012, the NTC handed power to an elected parliament, the General National Congress (GNC). Voters chose a new parliament to replace the GNC in June 2014 - the House of Representatives (HoR), which relocated to the eastern city of Tobruk after fighting broke out in Tripoli.

In October 2015, the UN Special Representative of the Secretary General (SRSG) to Libya, Bernardino LEON, brokered an agreement among a broad array of Libyan political parties and social groups - known as the Libyan Political Agreement (LPA). Members of the Libyan Political Dialogue, including representatives of the HoR and ex-GNC, signed the LPA in December 2015. The LPA called for the formation of an interim Government of National Accord or GNA, with a nine-member Presidency Council, the HoR, and an advisory High Council of State that most ex-GNC members joined. The LPA’s roadmap for a two-year transition to a new constitution and elected government was subsequently endorsed by UN Security Council Resolution 2259, which also called upon member states to cease official contact with parallel institutions. In January 2016, the HoR voted to approve the LPA, including the Presidency Council, while voting against a controversial provision on security leadership positions. (CIA World Factbook) 

 

 


Source: S.M. Hong, Islamic Economy & Finance (2009),  Middle Eastern Economy (1997), Middle Eastern Economics (1991), BBC, Country Profile, CIA, The World Fact Book & WIKIPEDIA , 2017, Population Density, GeographyIQ.com  and GeographyIQ.

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